Literature Review Blog #2

(2) Giroux, Henry A.  "Neoliberalism, Corporate Culture, and the Promise of Higher Education: The University as a Democratic Public Sphere." Harvard Educational Review Vol. 72 No. 4 (2002): 426-463. Print

(3)  In this article, Henry Giroux describes the negative effects that privatization has on faculty and student of higher education. He argues that increased privatization will produce selfish individuals and blur people's perspective of higher education.

(4) Henry Giroux is an American cultural critic and one of the founding theorist s of critical pedagogy in the United States. Giroux has written more than 40 book, published almost 300 papers and has won many awards for his work.

(5) Neoliberalism - processes whereby a relative handful of private interests are permitted to control as much aspects of social life as possible to maximize profit.

Consumer - person who buys products or services

(6) "Given the huge debt such students accumulate, it is reasonable to assume, as Jeff Williams points out, that loans effectively indenture students for ten to twenty years after graduation and intractably reduce their career choices" (Giroux 445).

 High loan balances will force college graduates to become employed earlier, searching for the easier career opportunities, rather than then those they are actually interested in.

"The message to students is clear: customer satisfaction is offered as a surrogate for learning, and to be a citizen is to be a consumer, and nothing more. Freedom means freedom to purchase” (Giroux 446).

Privatization in the school system make learning seems like a business to students. Outside the classroom, students are taught to buy products to gain satisfaction.

"A class-specific divide begins to appear in which poor and marginalized students will get low-cost, low-skilled knowledge and second-rate degrees from online sources, while those students being educated for leadership positions in the elite schools will be versed in personal and socially interactive pedagogies in which high-powered knowledge, ... coupled with a high-status degree" (Giroux 448).

When business values replace the importance of critical learning, those who cannot afford the best education will receive sub-par education.

(7) The more important aspects of this article pints out the influences that privatization has on student psychology. Students thought processes are being altered so that they are more likely to expect quick services for their investments, whether it be with products at a university store or education at the institution.